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The Industrial Revolution began in Great Britain and spread to Western Europe and the United States within a few decades. It was the transition to new manufacturing processes in the period from about 1760 to sometimes between 1820 and 1840. The first industrial revolution evolved into the second industrial revolution in the transition years between 1840 and 1870.
The industrial revolution and regulation to monitor new industries did not happen simultaneously. Employment generation for the increasing population was the main challenge of that time. People in large number came to the towns from the countryside for job as the rate of unemployment was getting high to higher in the first phases of the industrial revolution. With the huge scarcity of employment, for the first generation of workers from the 1790s to the 1840s ,workers who were around 80% of total number of the people had very limited or no power to bargain with their new employers on wages, work hours or working conditions. Working conditions were very tough ,unbearable and tragic-10 to 14 working hours a day, six days a week, no safety hazards, no paid vacation or holidays, no financial compensation for any injury, and of course no time and opportunity for recreation. Rather the owners used to fine the workers who left of remained absent from their jobs to ensure uninterrupted work-flow in the factories.
